Starting with Connector/J 3.1.7, we've made available a variant
of the driver that will automatically send queries to a
read/write master, or a failover or round-robin loadbalanced set
of slaves based on the state of
Connection.getReadOnly()
.
An application signals that it wants a transaction to be
read-only by calling
Connection.setReadOnly(true)
, this
replication-aware connection will use one of the slave
connections, which are load-balanced per-vm using a round-robin
scheme (a given connection is sticky to a slave unless that
slave is removed from service). If you have a write transaction,
or if you have a read that is time-sensitive (remember,
replication in MySQL is asynchronous), set the connection to be
not read-only, by calling
Connection.setReadOnly(false)
and the driver
will ensure that further calls are sent to the master MySQL
server. The driver takes care of propagating the current state
of autocommit, isolation level, and catalog between all of the
connections that it uses to accomplish this load balancing
functionality.
To enable this functionality, use the "
com.mysql.jdbc.ReplicationDriver
" class when
configuring your application server's connection pool or when
creating an instance of a JDBC driver for your standalone
application. Because it accepts the same URL format as the
standard MySQL JDBC driver, ReplicationDriver
does not currently work with
java.sql.DriverManager
-based connection
creation unless it is the only MySQL JDBC driver registered with
the DriverManager
.
Here is a short, simple example of how ReplicationDriver might be used in a standalone application.
import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.util.Properties; import com.mysql.jdbc.ReplicationDriver; public class ReplicationDriverDemo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ReplicationDriver driver = new ReplicationDriver(); Properties props = new Properties(); // We want this for failover on the slaves props.put("autoReconnect", "true"); // We want to load balance between the slaves props.put("roundRobinLoadBalance", "true"); props.put("user", "foo"); props.put("password", "bar"); // // Looks like a normal MySQL JDBC url, with a // comma-separated list of hosts, the first // being the 'master', the rest being any number // of slaves that the driver will load balance against // Connection conn = driver.connect("jdbc:mysql://master,slave1,slave2,slave3/test", props); // // Perform read/write work on the master // by setting the read-only flag to "false" // conn.setReadOnly(false); conn.setAutoCommit(false); conn.createStatement().executeUpdate("UPDATE some_table ...."); conn.commit(); // // Now, do a query from a slave, the driver automatically picks one // from the list // conn.setReadOnly(true); ResultSet rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery("SELECT a,b FROM alt_table"); ....... } }
Ésta es una traducción del manual de referencia de MySQL, que puede encontrarse en dev.mysql.com. El manual de referencia original de MySQL está escrito en inglés, y esta traducción no necesariamente está tan actualizada como la versión original. Para cualquier sugerencia sobre la traducción y para señalar errores de cualquier tipo, no dude en dirigirse a mysql-es@vespito.com.