The gutenbergr package helps you download and process public domain works from the Project Gutenberg collection. This includes both tools for downloading books (and stripping header/footer information), and a complete dataset of Project Gutenberg metadata that can be used to find words of interest. Includes:
gutenberg_download() that downloads one or more works from Project Gutenberg by ID: e.g., gutenberg_download(84) downloads the text of Frankenstein.gutenberg_metadata contains information about each work, pairing Gutenberg ID with title, author, language, etcgutenberg_authors contains information about each author, such as aliases and birth/death yeargutenberg_subjects contains pairings of works with Library of Congress subjects and topicsThis package contains metadata for all Project Gutenberg works as R datasets, so that you can search and filter for particular works before downloading.
The dataset gutenberg_metadata contains information about each work, pairing Gutenberg ID with title, author, language, etc:
library(gutenbergr)
gutenberg_metadata## # A tibble: 51,997 x 8
## gutenberg_id title author gutenberg_autho… language gutenberg_books…
## <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 0 <NA> <NA> NA en <NA>
## 2 1 The … Jeffe… 1638 en United States L…
## 3 2 "The… Unite… 1 en American Revolu…
## 4 3 John… Kenne… 1666 en <NA>
## 5 4 "Lin… Linco… 3 en US Civil War
## 6 5 The … Unite… 1 en American Revolu…
## 7 6 Give… Henry… 4 en American Revolu…
## 8 7 The … <NA> NA en <NA>
## 9 8 Abra… Linco… 3 en US Civil War
## 10 9 Abra… Linco… 3 en US Civil War
## # … with 51,987 more rows, and 2 more variables: rights <chr>,
## # has_text <lgl>For example, you could find the Gutenberg ID of Wuthering Heights by doing:
library(dplyr)
gutenberg_metadata %>%
filter(title == "Wuthering Heights")## # A tibble: 1 x 8
## gutenberg_id title author gutenberg_autho… language gutenberg_books…
## <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 768 Wuth… Bront… 405 en Gothic Fiction/…
## # … with 2 more variables: rights <chr>, has_text <lgl>In many analyses, you may want to filter just for English works, avoid duplicates, and include only books that have text that can be downloaded. The gutenberg_works() function does this pre-filtering:
gutenberg_works()## # A tibble: 40,737 x 8
## gutenberg_id title author gutenberg_autho… language gutenberg_books…
## <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 0 <NA> <NA> NA en <NA>
## 2 1 The … Jeffe… 1638 en United States L…
## 3 2 "The… Unite… 1 en American Revolu…
## 4 3 John… Kenne… 1666 en <NA>
## 5 4 "Lin… Linco… 3 en US Civil War
## 6 5 The … Unite… 1 en American Revolu…
## 7 6 Give… Henry… 4 en American Revolu…
## 8 7 The … <NA> NA en <NA>
## 9 8 Abra… Linco… 3 en US Civil War
## 10 9 Abra… Linco… 3 en US Civil War
## # … with 40,727 more rows, and 2 more variables: rights <chr>,
## # has_text <lgl>It also allows you to perform filtering as an argument:
gutenberg_works(author == "Austen, Jane")## # A tibble: 10 x 8
## gutenberg_id title author gutenberg_autho… language gutenberg_books…
## <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 105 Pers… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 2 121 Nort… Auste… 68 en Gothic Fiction
## 3 141 Mans… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 4 158 Emma Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 5 161 Sens… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 6 946 Lady… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 7 1212 Love… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 8 1342 Prid… Auste… 68 en Best Books Ever…
## 9 31100 "The… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 10 42078 "The… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## # … with 2 more variables: rights <chr>, has_text <lgl># or with a regular expression
library(stringr)
gutenberg_works(str_detect(author, "Austen"))## # A tibble: 13 x 8
## gutenberg_id title author gutenberg_autho… language gutenberg_books…
## <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 105 Pers… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 2 121 Nort… Auste… 68 en Gothic Fiction
## 3 141 Mans… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 4 158 Emma Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 5 161 Sens… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 6 946 Lady… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 7 1212 Love… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 8 1342 Prid… Auste… 68 en Best Books Ever…
## 9 17797 Memo… Auste… 7603 en <NA>
## 10 31100 "The… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## 11 33513 The … Auste… 36446 en <NA>
## 12 39897 Disc… Layar… 40288 en <NA>
## 13 42078 "The… Auste… 68 en <NA>
## # … with 2 more variables: rights <chr>, has_text <lgl>The meta-data currently in the package was last updated on 05 May 2016.
The function gutenberg_download() downloads one or more works from Project Gutenberg based on their ID. For example, we earlier saw that “Wuthering Heights” has ID 768 (see the URL here), so gutenberg_download(768) downloads this text.
wuthering_heights <- gutenberg_download(768)
wuthering_heights## # A tibble: 12,085 x 2
## gutenberg_id text
## <int> <chr>
## 1 768 WUTHERING HEIGHTS
## 2 768 ""
## 3 768 ""
## 4 768 CHAPTER I
## 5 768 ""
## 6 768 ""
## 7 768 1801.--I have just returned from a visit to my landlord--t…
## 8 768 neighbour that I shall be troubled with. This is certainl…
## 9 768 country! In all England, I do not believe that I could ha…
## 10 768 situation so completely removed from the stir of society. …
## # … with 12,075 more rowsNotice it is returned as a tbl_df (a type of data frame) including two variables: gutenberg_id (useful if multiple books are returned), and a character vector of the text, one row per line. Notice that the header and footer added by Project Gutenberg (visible here) have been stripped away.
Provide a vector of IDs to download multiple books. For example, to download Jane Eyre (book 1260) along with Wuthering Heights, do:
books <- gutenberg_download(c(768, 1260), meta_fields = "title")
books## # A tibble: 32,744 x 3
## gutenberg_id text title
## <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 768 WUTHERING HEIGHTS Wuthering H…
## 2 768 "" Wuthering H…
## 3 768 "" Wuthering H…
## 4 768 CHAPTER I Wuthering H…
## 5 768 "" Wuthering H…
## 6 768 "" Wuthering H…
## 7 768 1801.--I have just returned from a visit to m… Wuthering H…
## 8 768 neighbour that I shall be troubled with. Thi… Wuthering H…
## 9 768 country! In all England, I do not believe th… Wuthering H…
## 10 768 situation so completely removed from the stir… Wuthering H…
## # … with 32,734 more rowsNotice that the meta_fields argument allows us to add one or more additional fields from the gutenberg_metadata to the downloaded text, such as title or author.
books %>%
count(title)## # A tibble: 2 x 2
## title n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography 20659
## 2 Wuthering Heights 12085You may want to select books based on information other than their title or author, such as their genre or topic. gutenberg_subjects contains pairings of works with Library of Congress subjects and topics. “lcc” means Library of Congress Classification, while “lcsh” means Library of Congress subject headings:
gutenberg_subjects## # A tibble: 140,173 x 3
## gutenberg_id subject_type subject
## <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 1 lcc E201
## 2 1 lcsh United States. Declaration of Independence
## 3 1 lcsh United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-…
## 4 1 lcc JK
## 5 2 lcc KF
## 6 2 lcsh Civil rights -- United States -- Sources
## 7 2 lcsh United States. Constitution. 1st-10th Amendme…
## 8 2 lcc JK
## 9 3 lcsh Presidents -- United States -- Inaugural addr…
## 10 3 lcsh United States -- Foreign relations -- 1961-19…
## # … with 140,163 more rowsThis is useful for extracting texts from a particular topic or genre, such as detective stories, or a particular character, such as Sherlock Holmes. The gutenberg_id column can then be used to download these texts or to link with other metadata.
gutenberg_subjects %>%
filter(subject == "Detective and mystery stories")## # A tibble: 521 x 3
## gutenberg_id subject_type subject
## <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 170 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 2 173 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 3 244 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 4 305 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 5 330 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 6 481 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 7 547 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 8 863 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 9 905 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## 10 1155 lcsh Detective and mystery stories
## # … with 511 more rowsgutenberg_subjects %>%
filter(grepl("Holmes, Sherlock", subject))## # A tibble: 47 x 3
## gutenberg_id subject_type subject
## <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 108 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 2 221 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 3 244 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 4 834 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 5 1661 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 6 2097 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 7 2343 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 8 2344 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 9 2345 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## 10 2346 lcsh Holmes, Sherlock (Fictitious character) -- Fi…
## # … with 37 more rowsgutenberg_authors contains information about each author, such as aliases and birth/death year:
gutenberg_authors## # A tibble: 16,236 x 7
## gutenberg_author… author alias birthdate deathdate wikipedia aliases
## <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 1 United … <NA> NA NA <NA> <NA>
## 2 3 Lincoln… <NA> 1809 1865 http://en… United …
## 3 4 Henry, … <NA> 1736 1799 http://en… <NA>
## 4 5 Adam, P… <NA> NA NA <NA> <NA>
## 5 7 Carroll… Dodg… 1832 1898 http://en… <NA>
## 6 8 United … <NA> NA NA <NA> Agency,…
## 7 9 Melvill… Melv… 1819 1891 http://en… <NA>
## 8 10 Barrie,… Barr… 1860 1937 http://en… <NA>
## 9 12 Smith, … Smit… 1805 1844 http://en… <NA>
## 10 14 Madison… Unit… 1751 1836 http://en… <NA>
## # … with 16,226 more rowsWhat’s next after retrieving a book’s text? Well, having the book as a data frame is especially useful for working with the tidytext package for text analysis.
library(tidytext)
words <- books %>%
unnest_tokens(word, text)
words## # A tibble: 305,532 x 3
## gutenberg_id title word
## <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 768 Wuthering Heights wuthering
## 2 768 Wuthering Heights heights
## 3 768 Wuthering Heights chapter
## 4 768 Wuthering Heights i
## 5 768 Wuthering Heights 1801
## 6 768 Wuthering Heights i
## 7 768 Wuthering Heights have
## 8 768 Wuthering Heights just
## 9 768 Wuthering Heights returned
## 10 768 Wuthering Heights from
## # … with 305,522 more rowsword_counts <- words %>%
anti_join(stop_words, by = "word") %>%
count(title, word, sort = TRUE)
word_counts## # A tibble: 21,200 x 3
## title word n
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 Wuthering Heights heathcliff 421
## 2 Wuthering Heights linton 346
## 3 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography jane 342
## 4 Wuthering Heights catherine 336
## 5 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography rochester 317
## 6 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography sir 315
## 7 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography miss 310
## 8 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography time 244
## 9 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography day 232
## 10 Jane Eyre: An Autobiography looked 221
## # … with 21,190 more rowsYou may also find these resources useful:
wikipedia column in gutenberg_author to Wikipedia content with the WikipediR package or to pageview statistics with the wikipediatrend packageformat_reverse function for reversing “Last, First” names).